Brushing Your Cat's Teeth: Step-by-Step Guide and Tips

A cat laying in the bathroom sink with different bathroom supplies behind it.

19 Jun How to Brush Your Cat’s Teeth (Without Losing a Finger)

Posted at 16:11h in Home Dental Care, Pet Oral Health by Bri Schroeder

As a cat owner, you’re probably no stranger to the occasional sassy attitude, zoomies at midnight, or the “I’m going to sit on your laptop now” mindset. But one thing many cat owners haven’t added to their routine is brushing their cat’s teeth. It might sound like an impossible task, but it’s one of the most important ways to keep your feline friend healthy and comfortable long term.

Dental disease is one of the most common conditions in cats, and unfortunately, it often goes unnoticed. While professional dental cleanings at your vet’s office are essential, routine brushing at home is the gold standard for keeping your cat’s teeth and gums in great shape.

Yes, brushing your cat’s teeth is totally doable—and no, you don’t have to be a superhero to pull it off. With some patience, a few treats, and the right approach, you can make toothbrushing part of your cat’s care routine.

Why Brushing Matters for Cats

Dental disease affects more than two-thirds of cats over the age of three. The buildup of plaque and tartar on your cat’s teeth can lead to gingivitis, bad breath, and eventually more serious problems like tooth loss, pain, and infections that affect the entire body.

Cats are particularly prone to a condition called feline resorptive lesions, where the tooth structure breaks down and causes extreme pain. Regular brushing won’t prevent every dental problem, but it will dramatically reduce the amount of plaque and bacteria in your cat’s mouth, keeping their teeth healthier between professional cleanings.

Brushing daily is ideal, but even a few times a week can make a big difference.

What You’ll Need to Get Started

Before you begin, it’s important to gather the right tools. Never use human toothpaste, as it often contains xylitol or fluoride, both of which are toxic to cats. Here’s what to use instead:

Cat-specific toothbrush: These have smaller heads and softer bristles.
Finger brush: Some cats do better with a rubber brush that fits over your finger.
Pet-safe toothpaste: These come in flavors like poultry, seafood, or malt, which cats find more appealing.
Treats or toys: Positive reinforcement goes a long way.

A couple of other alternatives that are better for cat-sized mouths are eye makeup sponges and cotton-tipped applicators.

Optional: Use a towel or blanket to gently swaddle your cat if they tend to wiggle.

Step-by-Step Guide: Brushing Your Cat’s Teeth

The key is to take it slow and go at your cat’s pace. Here’s how to start:

1. Get Them Used to Mouth Handling

Before you even bring out a toothbrush, help your cat get used to having their mouth touched. Start by gently lifting their lips for a few seconds while petting them. Offer a treat afterward. Do this for several days until they’re comfortable.

2. Introduce the Toothpaste

Place a small amount of pet toothpaste on your finger and let your cat lick it off. Most cats are curious and will enjoy the taste. This helps them associate the toothpaste with a treat and makes the brushing process smoother.

3. Start with Your Finger

After your cat is familiar with the toothpaste, use your finger to gently rub a small amount on their teeth and gums. This lets them get used to the sensation without a brush involved yet.

4. Try the Toothbrush or Finger Brush

Now it’s time to introduce the brush. Put a little toothpaste on it, then gently brush just a few teeth at a time. Focus on the outer surfaces (the sides facing the cheek), especially the upper molars and canines, where plaque builds up most.

At first, you might only manage to brush one or two teeth—and that’s okay. Gradually increase the time and number of teeth you brush each session.

5. Keep Sessions Short and Positive

Aim for 30 to 60 seconds. If your cat starts to squirm or get stressed, stop and try again later. Don’t force it. Use calm praise and give treats or playtime afterward so your cat begins to associate brushing with positive experiences.

Tips for Success

Pick a quiet time of day when your cat is relaxed, such as after a nap or before dinner.
Make it part of the routine. Daily brushing is ideal, but even brushing three times a week is beneficial.
Be patient. Some cats take days or even weeks to warm up to brushing. That’s normal.
Try different flavors. Some cats prefer chicken-flavored toothpaste over seafood or malt.
Avoid brushing the inside surfaces. Most plaque builds up on the outside, and your cat’s tongue helps keep the inner surfaces cleaner.

When Brushing Your Cat’s Teeth Isn’t an Option

Not all cats are brushable. If your cat simply won’t tolerate it, there are still ways to help with at-home dental care:

Dental diets: Specially formulated foods can reduce plaque buildup.
Dental treats: Look for products approved by the Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC).
Water additives: These can help reduce oral bacteria.
Oral gels or sprays: These can be applied directly to the teeth and gums.

While these alternatives don’t replace brushing, they can support oral health between vet visits.

Don’t Skip Professional Dental Cleanings

Even with perfect at-home brushing, your cat will still need professional cleanings from time to time. These cleanings are performed under anesthesia so your veterinarian can safely and thoroughly examine, clean, and treat your cat’s teeth, including under the gumline and in hard-to-reach areas.

If your cat has bad breath, red gums, or is showing signs of dental pain (like dropping food, pawing at their mouth, or eating less), don’t wait. Call your vet or a veterinary dentist for a consultation.

How to Brush Your Cat’s Teeth (Without Losing a Finger)